Jo Anne Shatkin contributed a View Point to Nano Letters at the invitation of new editor Teri Odom of Northwestern. The perspective finds that the current infrastructure and resources in nanosafety have been critical to advancing nanomaterial applications and now require adaptation toward the next generations of nano-enabled technologies that will refine methods, advance knowledge, and accelerate commercial adoption. The most pressing issues relate to: Evaluation of health/environmental risks across the product life cycle; the need for future orientation toward safety evaluation of more advanced materials; and the development of reliable and relevant alternative testing methods that evaluate safety with reduced mammalian testing.